Belgium

Cuba has 9.54 physicians per 1,000 people — the highest doctor-to-population ratio of any large nation on earth. That is nearly three times the OECD average of 3.7, and more than six times the WHO's minimum recommended threshold of 1.5. Behind Cuba sit Monaco, Greece, Belgium, and Lithuania in a top five dominated by an unexpected mix of a Caribbean socialist state and small European nations.

The saxophone was patented in 1846 by Adolphe Sax, a man who nearly died 12 times before age 20. Here's how his misfit instrument conquered jazz.