child health

Rotavirus explained: how a wheel-shaped virus causes severe infant diarrhea, how its NSP4 toxin works, and how oral vaccines changed the toll.

Iceland records just 0.9 infant deaths per 1,000 live births — virtually eliminating what was once a universal threat to human families. Monaco, Japan, and Finland follow closely. Meanwhile, the Central African Republic loses 79 infants per 1,000. The gap between the best and worst is among the starkest in global health.