humanitarian

Turkey hosts more refugees than any country — 3.6 million registered Syrian refugees. Germany hosts the most in Europe with 2.2 million refugees. Iran and Pakistan each host over 3 million Afghan refugees. The global refugee population exceeded 35 million in 2024 — the highest ever recorded.

Which countries are most contaminated by landmines depends on the yardstick. This ranking uses recorded contaminated area from Landmine Monitor 2025, then explains why Ukraine, Egypt, and Syria cannot be ranked on the same scale, and what casualties, clearance, and funding data show.

The United States was the largest country donor of official development assistance in the OECD's preliminary 2024 data, while Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden and Denmark led on ODA as a share of national income.

Iran hosts nearly 3.5 million refugees — the most of any country. Turkey hosts 2.9 million. Germany leads Europe with 2.6 million. Contrary to popular perception, the majority of the world's refugees are hosted not by wealthy Western nations but by low- and middle-income countries neighbouring conflict zones.