tcp-ip

How ARPANET's 1969 first message, packet switching theory, and Cerf and Kahn's 1974 TCP/IP paper created a network connecting 5.5 billion people.

Undersea cables, packets, IP addresses, routers, DNS and encryption: the engineering that moves every click from your device to a server and back in a fraction of a second.

When you load a web page, dozens of systems coordinate across continents in milliseconds. Here's exactly what happens — DNS, TCP/IP, routers, packets, and the cables under the ocean.